Новостей за существование

under King Stefane Batorii's rule Grodno practically became the capital of Rech Pospolitaya. The development of the city went from the castle on place of the ancient fortresses on a  high hill where the river  Gorodnichanka flows into the Neman, to the east   and north (along rivers). By the XVIth c. Grodno has occupied the significant territory on the right bank of the  Neman, being formed from the three main parts – a castle, trading & craft quarters & Boris & Gleb monastary.  Zanemanskaya part starts to be built along the road to Warsaw. Here not far from the bank the wholesale market was founded. According to the data of 'Grodno Economy' in 1558, the city consisted of two parts: the old town with 27 streets & 2 markets was on the right bank of the Neman ( one of the markets was on the place which is occupied by Sovietskaya Square nowadays,  the second – fish market - nearby modern  Bolshaya  Troickaya Street), on the left bank there was a smaller part of the town with 4 streets & a wholesale market. In the right-bank main part of the town  the majority craftsmen and tradespeople lived. This part was under  the jurisdiction of the magistrate. In the left-bank part – houses and land properties of szlachta and craftsmen depending on the castle administration were situated. Both parts of the city were connected by the wooden bridge. Roads made a defining influence   on shaping the street network in the main part of city . The main  directions were exit to Vilnius ( Vilenskaya Str., now Sovietskaya Str.) and Smolensk (Ozerskaya Str., now K. Marx Str.). Street planning didn't have any regular system: it was closely connected to the complex relief of the city and its main components - a trade square and castle. Many from now existing streets (Zamkovaya, Passionarii, Urickogo, Kirova, Sverdlova and others) were formed by the middle of the XVIth c. Trade area was situated in two blocks from the castle. Seven streets, including the main ones , connected with country roads and bridge across the Neman were going out on it. The square  had clear outlines, the town ratusha occupied a  central place (Magdeburgskoe right with 1496), the houses belonging to the nobility, merchants were around , as well as parochial churches and roman catholic churches. In the first half of the  XVII c. great area of the town  close to the  trade area were concentrated in the  hands of  magnates, clergy and szlachta. As a result of polish-catholic expantion, the number of monumental temples  and monastaries grows.  After economic decay in XVII - beginning XVIII cc., connected with frequent  wars, the Grodno  economic and cultural life renews in the 2nd half of the XVII c. With arising of A.TIZENGAUZA  manufactures rapid housebuilding & growth of the town territory is noted . Aside from tendentious growing of the territory along the streets, moving over to the  country roads, Grodno develops towards  former  village Gorodnica at the river Gorodnichanka. The new region of the city is significant evidence of the townbuilding transformations. The formation of presently existing square and adjoining part of Dzerzhinskij Str., town garden, Ozheshko Str. up to Railway station square date by the second half of the XVIII c. and is fixed in the town plan of 1795.  Further growth of Grodno territory starts from the XIX c., however its historically established part is already fixed in the Neman region,  Gorodnichanka and railway main line (since 1862.). Exactly in this region  the old streets & blocks  planning , the system of squares were consolidated, the main historian-cultural sights were concentrated. Remarkable architectral ensembles play the leading role in the cultural heritage of Grodno. Monuments of the different epoches and styles reflecting complicated history of the town are concentrated in them. The monuments of ancient Russian architecture , gothic style, renaissance, baroque, classicism and other directions are also preserved. The monuments, located on Zamkovaya hill, declared presently historian-architectral park are of greatest significance. One can trace back the routes of development of  belorussian architecture, and of its  national character.